Cricket and Victorian England


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Cricket and Victorian England

Cricket and Victorian England: The organisation of cricket in England reflected the nature of English Society. The rich, who could afford to play it for pleasure, were called amateurs and the poor, who played it for a living, were called professionals. The wages of professionals were paid by patronage or subscription or gate money.

Gentlemen and the Players: The game was seasonal and it did not offer employment for the whole year. Thus, professionals worked as miners or in other forms of working class employment.

  • The social superiority of amateurs was built into the customs of cricket.
  • Amateurs were called Gentlemen, while professionals were called Players.
  • They even entered the Gentlemen and the Players playground from different entrances. Amateurs tended to be batsman, leaving the energetic, hardworking aspect of the game, like fast bowling to the professionals.
  • That is why the laws of the game always gave the benefit to the batsman.
  • Cricket is a batsman's game because its rules were made to favour 'Gentlemen'. The social superiority of the amateur was also the reason that the captain of a cricket team was traditionally a batsman.
  • Captain of teams, whether club teams or nationals sides were always amateurs. It was not till the 1930s that the English team was led by a professional, the Yorkshire batsman, Len Hutton.
  • Introduction of Cricket to Boys School: It is often said that the 'Battle of Waterloo was won on the playing fields of Eton'. It means that Britain's military success was based on the values taught to school boys in its public schools.

  • Eton was the most famous of these schools. The English boarding school was the institution that trained English boys for careers in the three great institution of imperial England (i.e. the Military, Civil service and the Church).
  • By the beginning of 19th century, educationist like Thomas Arnold (founder of the modern public school system) saw team sport like, cricket and rugby as not just outdoor game, but as a way of teaching English boys the discipline, the importance of hierarchy, the skills, the codes of conduct and the leadership qualities that helped them to build the British empire properly.
  • Cricket helped the English Elite by glorifying the amateur ideal, where cricket was played not for victory or profit but for its own sake in the spirit of game.
  • English ruling class believed that they won the wars due to the superior characters of its young men, built in boarding schools, playing gentlemanly games like cricket that tipped the balance.
  • Sports for Girls: Till the end of the 19th century, sports and vigorous exercise for girls were not a part of their education in Britain. Croquet which was a slow-pace, elegant game considered suitable for women, especially of the upper class. By the 1890s, schools began acquiring  playgrounds and allowing girls to play some of the games which were earlier considered as male games.

     
     
     


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